The Israeli military claims to have only used non-lethal measures against protesters, while the GHF says its contractors have resorted to pepper spray or warning shots. International aid deliveries have resumed, but many parcels have landed in areas that were supposed to be evacuated, causing people to swim out to retrieve them. The war has resulted in 89 child deaths from malnutrition and 65 adult deaths since June. Israel denies reports of starvation in Gaza, contradicting witnesses, UN agencies, and aid groups. Hamas launched the conflict on October 7, 2023, with an attack on southern Israel that killed around 1,200 people and abducted 251 others.